At the Molecular Biology Laboratory of the HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, we use the modern toolkit of science to address ecological questions. In both national and international collaboration, we aim to gain a deeper understanding of the diet of the strictly protected Eurasian otter.
In Hungary, the otter is the apex predator of aquatic habitats and thus exerts a strong influence on the ecosystem. However, its role as a fish consumer is often subject to debate. In this research, we perform DNA-based analyses of the stomach contents of previously collected, deceased otters instead of traditional observational methods, to find out what they actually eat.
In our lab, followed by sampling the stomach contents, we isolate the DNA and then amplify specific DNA regions, using PCR, for sequencing. This allows us to identify unique DNA “barcodes,” which are then compared to a database to determine the prey species that make up the otters’ diet. The nanopore sequencing technology we use is an exceptionally innovative method that provides real-time results while being portable and cost-effective—making it ideal even for flexible, on-site analyses. After proper preparation, just a few drops of sample are loaded into the device, where DNA molecules pass through tiny pores; by measuring the changes in electrical current, the DNA sequence can be determined.
The work is carried out in collaboration with colleagues from the National Virology Laboratory at the University of Pécs, strengthening both practical knowledge exchange and professional collaboration. At the international level, Basecamp Research supports our work—providing hands-on training, a Nanopore MinION device, essential reagents, and computational resources.
The study of otter feeding habits exemplifies our efforts to develop innovative molecular ecological methods through capacity building and technology transfer. These methods contribute to advancing our understanding of ecological processes, biodiversity research, and environmental monitoring.
